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5681, 5683, and 5684 Quartz-Sheath SPRTs

5681, 5683, 5684, and 5685 Quartz-Sheath SPRTs
5685 Quartz-Sheath SPRT
5681, 5683, 5684, and 5685 Quartz-Sheath SPRTs
5685 Quartz-Sheath SPRT
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  • Highlights
  • Description
  • Specifications
  • Models and Accessories
  • Knowledge and Information

All the features you expect in world-class SPRTs

  • Drift rates as low as 0.0005 K
  • Proprietary gas mixture ensures high stability
  • Most experienced SPRT design team in the business

Choosing the right platinum thermometer as your primary standard may be the most critical purchase decision in your lab. Unfortunately, other manufacturers are pretty secretive about how their SPRTs are made. They won’t tell you much more than you can already see by looking at one. Long-term reputation used to be a reliable indicator, but the leaders of a few decades ago have lost their original craftsmen and design scientists. There are only a few active SPRT design groups in the world today.

So how do you know you’re making the best purchase? Self-proclaimed expertise shouldn’t convince you. You should expect some sound evidence that the company is qualified in the ongoing science of SPRT development. At Fluke Calibration we’ll tell you how we make an SPRT. We’ll let you talk to the people here who design, build, and calibrate SPRTs. Finally, when you buy one, if you don’t like it, we’ll take it back and return your money.

Fluke Calibration has four quartz-sheath SPRTs covering the ITS-90 range of –200 °C to 1070 °C. The 5681 is used from –200 °C to the aluminum point at 660.323 °C. The 5683 is used from –200 °C to 480 °C with greater long term stability. The 5684 covers higher temperatures up to 1070 °C and can be calibrated at the silver point.

Yes, they have all the features you would expect in a world-class SPRT. They have gold-plated spade lugs, a strain-relieved connection to the four-wire cable, convection prevention disks, the finest quartz glass available, delustered stems, and the purest platinum wire available.

The purity of a thermometer’s platinum wire is critical to meeting ITS-90 requirements. Maintaining that purity over the life of the thermometer impacts long-term stability. The quartz glass tube of the SPRT should be properly sealed to prevent contamination of the platinum sensor. Others use mechanical assemblies and epoxy seals. These introduce additional materials to the thermometer’s internal environment and can be prone to mechanical failure, risking exposure of the platinum to impurities.

Theoretically, the best seal would be a direct seal between the quartz glass and the platinum wire. However, the quartz glass used in thermometer sheaths has a very small coefficient of expansion while platinum has a much larger coefficient of expansion. If you simply sealed the sheath’s glass to the platinum wire, these different rates of expansion would result in a poor seal as the assembly is exposed to changing temperatures.

We’ve figured out a way to match the expansion coefficients of the glass sheath and the platinum wires. We do it by creating a graduating seal that’s made of 18 separate pieces of glass, each with a different coefficient of expansion. The expansion and contraction rate of the final piece of glass matches that of the platinum, resulting in an overall seal that prevents gas leakage and impurity penetration for at least 20 years.
Fusing each piece of glass to the next is a painstaking process. Sure it costs us extra! But the results are worth it.

There’s more! We use only pure quartz glass materials for the cross frames, disks, and tubes. We don’t use mica or ceramic materials. We have a special glass-treating process to increase the resistance of the quartz to devitrification and remove more impurities than the typical cleaning process.

We’ve done some research to find the best-performing balance of argon to oxygen in the tube. Some oxygen in the sheath is necessary to minimize the danger of the platinum being poisoned by foreign metals at high temperatures, but too much oxygen at temperatures below 500 °C accelerates the oxidation process affecting the integrity of the platinum. We’ve got a balance that provides exactly the right protection for the platinum.

Each of these seemingly small things adds up to better uncertainties and less drift. Fluke Calibration's SPRTs typically drift less than 0.001 °C per year.

5681: –200 °C to 670 °C

This 25-ohm thermometer is the workhorse of the ITS-90 ranges. It can be calibrated for any of the subranges from the triple point of argon to the freezing point of aluminum. The 5681 meets the ITS-90 requirements for resistance ratios as follows:

W(302.9146 K) ≥ 1.11807
and
W(234.3156 K) ≤ 0.844235

5683: –200 °C to 480 °C

While SPRTs traditionally cover temperatures to the aluminum point (660 °C), most measurements occur between –100 °C and 420 °C. The 5683 SPRT covers this range and more, from –200 °C to 480 °C, and does so with long-term stabilities that extended range SPRTs can’t match. Typical drift is less than 0.5 mK after 100 hours at 480 °C.

5684: 0 °C to 1070 °C

ITS-90 extended the use of the platinum thermometer from 630 °C to 962 °C. The 0.25-ohm HTPRT sensor uses a strip-shaped support made from high-purity quartz glass. The 2.5-ohm model uses a quartz glass cross frame. Stability after thermal cycling is excellent, and the design is reasonably tolerant of vibration. Choose from 0.25-ohm or 2.5-ohm nominal RTPW values. In addition to meeting the resistance ratio requirements shown above, these thermometers meet the following additional criterion:

W(1234.93 K) ≥ 4.2844

Specifications

5681

5683

5684

Temperature Range –200 °C to
670 °C
–200 °C to
480 °C
0 °C to
1070 °C†
Nominal RTPW 25.5 Ω 0.25 Ω
Current 1 mA 14.14 mA
Resistance Ratio W(302.9146 K) ≥ 1.11807 and
W(234.3156 K) ≤ 0.844235
W(302.9146 K) ≥ 1.11807 and
W(1234.93 K) ≥ 4.2844
Sensitivity 0.1 Ω/°C 0.001 Ω/°C
Drift Rate < 0.002 °C/100
hours at
661 °C (typically < 0.001 °C)
< 0.001 °C/100 hours at
480 °C (0.0005 °C typical)
< 0.003 °C/100 hours at 1070 °C
(typically < 0.001 °C)
Sensor Support Quartz glass cross Quartz glass
strip with notches
Diameter of Sensor
Pt Wire

0.07 mm (0.003 in)

0.4 mm (0.016 in)
Protective Sheath Quartz glass, Diameter: 7 mm (0.28 in), Length: 520 mm (20.5 in) Quartz glass, Diameter: 7 mm (0.28 in), Length: 680 mm (26.8 in)

†The official maximum temperature of an SPRT as a defining interpolation instrument of the ITS-90 is 961.78 °C, but these types of SPRTs were found to be stable up to at least 1070 °C. The annealing temperature during the stability test was 1085 °C. The lower temperature limit of these types of SPRTs can be as low as –200 °C.
In general, it is suggested that a 25-ohm SPRT be used below 0 °C.

Model Name Description
5681-S

SPRT 25.5 Ω, 670°C – Maple carrying case included

(No calibration included. See recommended calibration options below. Contact your Fluke Calibration representative for additional calibration options.)

5683-S

SPRT 25.5 Ω, 480°C, Ultra stable – Maple carrying case included

(No calibration included. See recommended calibration options below. Contact your Fluke Calibration representative for additional calibration options.)

5684-S

SPRT 0.25 Ω, 1070°C – Maple carrying case included

(No calibration included. See recommended calibration options below. Contact your Fluke Calibration representative for additional calibration options.)

Accessories common to all models:

Accessory Description
1911-4-7

PRT Calibration, –200 °C to 660 °C, NVLAP Accredited

1911-4-8

PRT Calibration, –200 °C to 420 °C, NVLAP Accredited

1911-6

PRT Calibration, 0 °C to 962 °C, NVLAP Accredited

Product Manuals
application/pdf icon 5681/5683/5684/5685 SPRT User’s Guide (English) (608.48 KB)
application/pdf icon 5681/5683/5684/5685 SPRT User’s Guide (Russian) (929.73 KB)
Application Notes
application/pdf icon Establishment of a Primary Temperature Standards Laboratory (3.21 MB)
application/pdf icon Establishment of a Secondary Temperature Calibration Laboratory (3.09 MB)
application/pdf icon Improving Productivity in a Temperature Calibration Laboratory (1.09 MB)
application/pdf icon Temperature Calibration Equipment: A Technician's Guide (1.62 MB)
application/pdf icon Why Use a Triple Point of Water? (1.19 MB)
Papers / Articles
application/pdf icon A Monte Carlo Analysis of the Effects of Covariance on Propagated Uncertainties (156.57 KB)
application/pdf icon A Study on the Stability of Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer in the Temperature Range from 0°C through 720°C (113.45 KB)
application/pdf icon Achieving 0.25 mK Uncertainty with an Integrated-Circuit Resistance Thermometer Readout (78.91 KB)
application/pdf icon Demonstrating Competency and Equivalency of Two Commercial SPRT Calibration Facilities (365.33 KB)
application/pdf icon Effects of Different Surroundings on the Stability of Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers from 650°C through 1000°C (190.01 KB)
application/pdf icon How Does Temperature Non-uniformity of an Annealing Furnace Affect SPRT Stability? (88.14 KB)
application/pdf icon Improved High-Temperature Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer (360.89 KB)
application/pdf icon Improving the Stability of Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers (207.37 KB)
application/pdf icon Long-Term Resistance and Ratio Stability of SPRTS, Comparing Metal Sheaths vs. Fused Silica Sheaths (112.93 KB)
application/pdf icon Producing the Highest Accuracy from SPRTs (289.83 KB)
application/pdf icon Realization of ITS-90 from 273.15 K through 1234.93 K: (291.87 KB)
application/pdf icon SPRT Calibration Uncertainties and Internal Quality Control at a Commercial SPRT Calibration Facility (883.61 KB)
application/pdf icon Using a Mini Triple Point of Water System to Improve Reliability in a Temperature Calibration Laboratory (177.86 KB)
Why Use an Annealing Furnace?
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